标签： Arduino

编者注：这是一个名叫JiříPraus的外国小哥实现的Arduino创意作品，实际上是“郁金香”，但看着太像中国神话故事里的“宝莲灯”了。

轻轻抚摸就会绽放，它的六个花瓣将缓慢打开并照耀出彩虹般的光。当花瓣闭合时，它们会产生令人难以置信的带有叶子图案的光。

所需材料：

Arduino Nano R3
SG90微型伺服电机
TTP223触摸传感器
1mm黄铜丝
2mm黄铜管
0.3mm绝缘铜线
WS2812 5050 NeoPixel LED灯 x 7
白色SMD 1206 LED x 30

附注：如何焊接黄铜

https://davidneat.wordpress.com/2015/05/03/a-quick-guide-to-soldering-brass/amp/

当推杆向上移动时，它将连杆和花瓣向下拉。当它向下移动时，它拖着连杆，将花瓣闭合。

单片花瓣的构成：

花瓣由黄铜细条组成，花瓣内有5个白色LED和同一根导线构成的“静脉”结构。

相同的花瓣，一共要做6个。否则它们在关闭时不会构成漂亮的郁金香形状，甚至会卡住。

相关代码：

#include <Adafruit_TiCoServo.h>
#include "SoftPWM.h"

#define NEOPIXEL_PIN A0
#define TOUCH_SENSOR_PIN 2

#define SERVO_PIN 9
//#define SERVO_OPEN 1750
#define SERVO_OPEN 1650
#define SERVO_SAFE_MIDDLE 1000
#define SERVO_CLOSED 775

#define RED 0
#define GREEN 1
#define BLUE 2

float currentRGB[] = {0, 0, 0};
float changeRGB[] = {0, 0, 0};
byte newRGB[] = {0, 0, 0};

#define MODE_SLEEPING 0
#define MODE_BLOOM 3
#define MODE_BLOOMING 4
#define MODE_BLOOMED 5
#define MODE_FADE 6
#define MODE_FADING 7
#define MODE_FADED 8
#define MODE_FALLINGASLEEP 9

#define MODE_RAINBOW 90

byte mode = MODE_FADED;

byte petalPins[] = {3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 11};

Adafruit_NeoPixel pixels = Adafruit_NeoPixel(7, NEOPIXEL_PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ400);
Adafruit_TiCoServo servo;

int servoChange = 1; // open
int servoPosition = SERVO_SAFE_MIDDLE;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  pixels.begin();
  servo.attach(SERVO_PIN, SERVO_CLOSED, SERVO_OPEN);

  pinMode(TOUCH_SENSOR_PIN, INPUT);
  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(TOUCH_SENSOR_PIN), _touchISR, RISING);

  randomSeed(analogRead(A7));
  SoftPWMBegin();

  pixelsUnifiedColor(pixels.Color(0, 0, 0));
  //pixelsUnifiedColor(pixels.Color(255, 70, 0));

  prepareCrossFade(140, 70, 0, 140);
  servo.write(servoPosition);
}

int counter = 0;
byte speed = 15;

void loop() {
  boolean done = true;
  switch (mode) {
    case MODE_BLOOM:
      prepareCrossFadeBloom(500);
      changeMode(MODE_BLOOMING);
      break;

    case MODE_BLOOMING:
      done = crossFade() && done;
      done = openPetals() && done;
      done = petalsBloom(counter) && done;
      if (done) {
        changeMode(MODE_BLOOMED);
      }
      break;

    case MODE_FADE:
      //prepareCrossFade(0, 0, 0, 800);
      changeMode(MODE_FADING);
      break;

    case MODE_FADING:
      done = crossFade() && done;
      done = closePetals() && done;
      done = petalsFade(counter) && done;
      if (done) {
        changeMode(MODE_FADED);
      }
      break;

    case MODE_FADED:
      //prepareCrossFade(140, 70, 0, 140);
      changeMode(MODE_FALLINGASLEEP);
      break;

    case MODE_FALLINGASLEEP:
      done = crossFade() && done;
      done = closePetals() && done;
      if (done) {
        changeMode(MODE_SLEEPING);
      }
      break;

    case MODE_RAINBOW:
      rainbow(counter);
      break;
  }

  counter++;
  delay(speed);
}

void changeMode(byte newMode) {
  if (mode != newMode) {
    mode = newMode;
    counter = 0;
  }
}

void _touchISR() {
  if (mode == MODE_SLEEPING) {
    changeMode(MODE_BLOOM);
  }
  else if (mode == MODE_BLOOMED) {
    changeMode(MODE_FADE);
  }
}

// petals animations

boolean petalsBloom(int j) {
  if (j < 250) {
    return false; // delay
  }
  if (j > 750) {
    return true;
  }
  int val = (j - 250) / 2;
  for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
    SoftPWMSet(petalPins[i], val);
  }
  return false;
}

boolean petalsFade(int j) {
  if (j > 510) {
    return true;
  }
  for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
    SoftPWMSet(petalPins[i], (510 - j) / 2);
  }
  return false;
}

// animations

void prepareCrossFadeBloom(unsigned int duration) {
  byte color = random(0, 5);
  switch (color) {
    case 0: // white
      prepareCrossFade(140, 140, 140, duration);
      break;
    case 1: // red
      prepareCrossFade(140, 5, 0, duration);
      break;
    case 2: // blue
      prepareCrossFade(30, 70, 170, duration);
      break;
    case 3: // pink
      prepareCrossFade(140, 0, 70, duration);
      break;
    case 4: // orange
      prepareCrossFade(255, 70, 0, duration);
      break;
  }
}

void rainbow(int j) {
  uint16_t i;
  byte num = pixels.numPixels() - 1;
  pixels.setPixelColor(pixels.numPixels() - 1, 100, 100, 100);

  for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
    pixels.setPixelColor(i, colorWheel(((i * 256 / num) + j) & 255));
  }
  pixels.show();
}

// servo function

boolean openPetals() {
  if (servoPosition >= SERVO_OPEN) {
    return true;
  }
  servoPosition ++;
  servo.write(servoPosition);
  return false;
}

boolean closePetals() {
  if (servoPosition <= SERVO_CLOSED) {
    return true;
  }
  servoPosition --;
  servo.write(servoPosition);
  return false;
}

// utility function

void pixelsUnifiedColor(uint32_t color) {
  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < pixels.numPixels(); i++) {
    pixels.setPixelColor(i, color);
  }
  pixels.show();
}

void prepareCrossFade(byte red, byte green, byte blue, unsigned int duration) {
  float rchange = red - currentRGB[RED];
  float gchange = green - currentRGB[GREEN];
  float bchange = blue - currentRGB[BLUE];

  changeRGB[RED] = rchange / (float) duration;
  changeRGB[GREEN] = gchange / (float) duration;
  changeRGB[BLUE] = bchange / (float) duration;

  newRGB[RED] = red;
  newRGB[GREEN] = green;
  newRGB[BLUE] = blue;

  Serial.print(newRGB[RED]);
  Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print(newRGB[GREEN]);
  Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print(newRGB[BLUE]);
  Serial.print(" (");
  Serial.print(changeRGB[RED]);
  Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print(changeRGB[GREEN]);
  Serial.print(" ");
  Serial.print(changeRGB[BLUE]);
  Serial.println(")");
}

boolean crossFade() {
  if (currentRGB[RED] == newRGB[RED] && currentRGB[GREEN] == newRGB[GREEN] && currentRGB[BLUE] == newRGB[BLUE]) {
    return true;
  }
  for (byte i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
    if (changeRGB[i] > 0 && currentRGB[i] < newRGB[i]) {
      currentRGB[i] = currentRGB[i] + changeRGB[i];
    }
    else if (changeRGB[i] < 0 && currentRGB[i] > newRGB[i]) {
      currentRGB[i] = currentRGB[i] + changeRGB[i];
    }
    else {
      currentRGB[i] = newRGB[i];
    }
  }
  pixelsUnifiedColor(pixels.Color(currentRGB[RED], currentRGB[GREEN], currentRGB[BLUE]));
  /*
    Serial.print(currentRGB[RED]);
    Serial.print(" ");
    Serial.print(currentRGB[GREEN]);
    Serial.print(" ");
    Serial.print(currentRGB[BLUE]);
    Serial.println();
  */
  return false;
}

uint32_t colorWheel(byte wheelPos) {
  // Input a value 0 to 255 to get a color value.
  // The colours are a transition r - g - b - back to r.
  wheelPos = 255 - wheelPos;
  if (wheelPos < 85) {
    return pixels.Color(255 - wheelPos * 3, 0, wheelPos * 3);
  }
  if (wheelPos < 170) {
    wheelPos -= 85;
    return pixels.Color(0, wheelPos * 3, 255 - wheelPos * 3);
  }
  wheelPos -= 170;
  return pixels.Color(wheelPos * 3, 255 - wheelPos * 3, 0);
}
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